(8)SQLlite3 快速查詢－史坦利Stanley程式Maker的部落格

參考資料： http://tw.gitbook.net/sqlite/sqlite_python.html

此網站用來快速查詢SQLlite3的各種指令及用法，這不是資料庫教學，
我是假設讀者是熟知資料庫的語法及運作

(1) SQLlite 安裝
　　conda install -c anaconda sqlite
(2) 資料庫管理

$sqlite3
SQLite version 3.7.15.2 2013-01-09 11:53:05
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite>

(3) 各種重要的 SQLite 點命令，如下：

命令	描述
.backup ?DB? FILE	Backup DB (default "main") to FILE
.bail ON\|OFF	Stop after hitting an error. Default OFF
.databases	List names and files of attached databases
.dump ?TABLE?	Dump the database in an SQL text format. If TABLE specified, only dump tables matching LIKE pattern TABLE.
.echo ON\|OFF	Turn command echo on or off
.exit	Exit SQLite prompt
.explain ON\|OFF	Turn output mode suitable for EXPLAIN on or off. With no args, it turns EXPLAIN on.
.header(s) ON\|OFF	Turn display of headers on or off
.help	Show this message
.import FILE TABLE	Import data from FILE into TABLE
.indices ?TABLE?	Show names of all indices. If TABLE specified, only show indices for tables matching LIKE pattern TABLE.
.load FILE ?ENTRY?	Load an extension library
.log FILE\|off	Turn logging on or off. FILE can be stderr/stdout
.mode MODE	Set output mode where MODE is one of: csv Comma-separated values column Left-aligned columns. html HTML <table> code insert SQL insert statements for TABLE line One value per line list Values delimited by .separator string tabs Tab-separated values tcl TCL list elements
.nullvalue STRING	Print STRING in place of NULL values
.output FILENAME	Send output to FILENAME
.output stdout	Send output to the screen
.print STRING...	Print literal STRING
.prompt MAIN CONTINUE	Replace the standard prompts
.quit	Exit SQLite prompt
.read FILENAME	Execute SQL in FILENAME
.schema ?TABLE?	Show the CREATE statements. If TABLE specified, only show tables matching LIKE pattern TABLE.
.separator STRING	Change separator used by output mode and .import
.show	Show the current values for various settings
.stats ON\|OFF	Turn stats on or off
.tables ?PATTERN?	List names of tables matching a LIKE pattern
.timeout MS	Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
.width NUM NUM	Set column widths for "column" mode
.timer ON\|OFF	Turn the CPU timer measurement on or off

(4) 格式化輸出的方式在本基礎教程中，以下已經列出：

sqlite>.header on
sqlite>.mode column
sqlite>.timer on
sqlite>

(5) Create Table

sqlite> CREATE TABLE DEPARTMENT(
   ID INT PRIMARY KEY      NOT NULL,
   DEPT           CHAR(50) NOT NULL,
   EMP_ID         INT      NOT NULL
);

列出Tables

sqlite>.tables
COMPANY     DEPARTMENT

Table schema：

sqlite>.schema COMPANY
CREATE TABLE COMPANY(
   ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL,
   NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL,
   AGE            INT     NOT NULL,
   ADDRESS        CHAR(50),
   SALARY         REAL
);

Insert Table

INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );

Select Table

SELECT * FROM table_name;

下面是python 程式的寫法

Create Table

#!/usr/bin/python

import sqlite3

conn = sqlite3.connect('test.db')
print "Opened database successfully";

conn.execute('''CREATE TABLE COMPANY
       (ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL,
       NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL,
       AGE            INT     NOT NULL,
       ADDRESS        CHAR(50),
       SALARY         REAL);''')
print "Table created successfully";

conn.close()

Insert 或update delete Table

#!/usr/bin/python

import sqlite3

conn = sqlite3.connect('test.db')
print "Opened database successfully";

conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) 
      VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 )");

conn.commit()
print "Records created successfully";
conn.close()

Select Table

#!/usr/bin/python

import sqlite3

conn = sqlite3.connect('test.db')
print "Opened database successfully";

cursor = conn.execute("SELECT id, name, address, salary  from COMPANY")
for row in cursor:
   print "ID = ", row[0]
   print "NAME = ", row[1]
   print "ADDRESS = ", row[2]
   print "SALARY = ", row[3], "
"

print "Operation done successfully";
conn.close()